بررسی گرده‌شناسی نعناییان از برخی رویشگاه‌های ایران

نوع مقاله : سیستماتیک و تنوع زیستی گیاهان

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران

2 استادیار گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

دانه گرده 33 گونه متعلق به 20 جنس از نعناییان، پراکنده در برخی رویشگاه‌های ایران با استفاده از میکروسکوپ نوری و الکترونی روبشی  (SEM) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ریخت‌شناسی گرده گونه‌های Otostegia persica، Hymenocrater oxyodontus و مشخصات سطح اگزین در Salvia splendens وS. hypoleuca  و Phlomis herba-venti subsp. lenkoranica  برای نخستین بار مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. این بررسی اندازه‌های متغیر قابل‌توجهی را در دانه‌های گرده به ‌صورت بسیار کوچک، کوچک، متوسط تا بزرگ نشان داد. به علاوه، در مطالعه حاضر، پنج نوع شکل دانه گرده به‌ صورت دوکی-گرد، نیمه‌دوکی، دوکی-کشیده، مخروطی-گرد و نیمه‌دوکی-پهن مشاهده شد. شیار در دانه‌های گرده اعضای این تیره به دو شکل سه‌‌شیاری و شش‌شیاری بود، گرچه به ‌صورت هشت‌‌شیاری نیز در گونه‌هایZiziphora clinopodioides  وZ. tenuior  مشاهده شد. ده نوع تزیینات مختلف اگزین نیز به ‌صورت مشبک (reticulate) و ریزمشبک (micro-reticulate)، چاله یا حفره‌دار (foveolate)، چین‌دار (rugulate)، چین ظریف (rugulose)، دوبار مشبک (bi-reticulate)، حفره‌دار-چین‌دار (rugolate-foveolate)، حفره‌دار-مشبک (foveolate-reticulate)، حفره‌دار-چین ظریف (foveolate-rugulose) و ریزحفره‌دار-چین‌دار (micro-foveolate-rugolate) مشاهده شد. این بررسی نشان داد که مشخصات دانه‌های گرده برای کاربردهای طبقه‌بندی ارزشمند بوده و ممکن است ابزار مفیدی برای تمایز بین جنس‌ها و گونه‌ها در طبقه‌بندی نعناییان باشد.
 
 

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