تنوع زیستی گونه‌های Penicillium وTalaromyces در ریزوسفر نیشکر در استان خوزستان

نوع مقاله : سیستماتیک و تنوع زیستی قارچ‌ها

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات رستنی‌ها، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استاد پژوهش بخش تحقیقات رستنی‌ها، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 استاد گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تنوع زیستی جنس‌های Penicillium و Talaromyces در ریزوسفر نیشکر در استان خوزستان، تعداد 64 نمونه خاک جمع‌آوری شده از هشت کشت و صنعت نیشکر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت که از این تعداد، 187 جدایه از جنس Penicillium و هشت جدایه از جنس Talaromyces به دست آمد. بیش‌ترین تعداد جدایه Penicillium به‌ دست آمده در این تحقیق، به ترتیب مربوط به کشت و صنعت‌های‌ نیشکر کارون (39 جدایه)، امیرکبیر (33 جدایه) و هفت تپه (30 جدایه) بود. به منظور انتخاب نماینده‌هایی از جدایه‌ها جهت انجام مطالعات ریخت‌شناختی، روش PCR-RFLPs براساس فرآورده تکثیر یافته ژن β-tubulin  کلیه جدایه‌های به دست آمده مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. براساس مطالعات ریخت‌شناختی و مولکولی مبتنی بر ژن β-tubulin، گونه T. pinophilus و 11 گونه Penicillium شامل P. chrysogenum ،P. citrinum ،P. crocicola ،P. crustosum ،P. oxalicum ، P. palitans، P. parvulum، P. polonicum، P. restrictum ،P. rubens و P. simile شناسایی شدند که در این میان، گونه‌های P. parvulum و P. simile برای نخستین بار از ایران گزارش می‌شوند. گونه P. citri فراوان‌‌ترین گونه (61/64 %) شناسایی شده در این تحقیق بود که از تمامی کشت و صنعت‌های نیشکر جداسازی شد. بیشترین تنوع گونه‌ای Penicillium مربوط به کشت و صنعت‌ سلمان فارسی بود. اعضای جنس Talaromyces هم با فراوانی و تنوع بسیار کم و تنها از کشت و صنعت‌های امیر کبیر، دعبل خزاعی، سلمان فارسی و کارون شناسایی شدند.

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