معرفی آرایه‌های جدید از قارچ‌های اندوفیت بلوط در استان کردستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

2 دانشیار گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

3 استادیار گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج

چکیده

بلوط مهم‌ترین درخت جنگلی استان کردستان است. قارچ‌ها به صورت ساپروفیت، پارازیت و اندوفیت روی درختان بلوط زندگی می‌کنند. قارچ‌های اندوفیت بخشی از اجزای مهم تنوع زیستی مرتبط با گیاهان هستند و دارای اثرات مفید روی گیاهان میزبان خود هستند. به منظور شناسایی قارچ‌های اندوفیت از تنه، شاخه و برگ‌های سالم درختان بلوط در استان کردستان در بهار و تابستان سال‌های 91 و 92 نمونه‌برداری انجام گردید. نمونه‌ها در آزمایشگاه پس از شستشو با آب مقطر سترون به وسیله اتانول 70 درصد ضدعفونی و روی محیط سیب زمینی- دکستروز- آگار حاوی آنتی‌بیوتیک کشت و به مدت دو هفته در دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس نگهداری شدند. با استفاده از روش تک‌اسپور در مجموع 67 جدایه قارچ خالص به دست آمد. شناسایی گونه‌ها براساس خصوصیات ریخت‌شناختی و توالی ناحیه ITS-rDNA انجام گردید. بر این اساس، از این تعداد جدایه، پنج گونه به اسامی: Cladosporium tenellum، Paecilomyces formosus،Petriella guttulata،Preussia australis و Sordaria sibutii شناسایی شدند که آرایه‌های جدیدی برای مایکوفلور ایران هستند و برای نخستین بار به عنوان قارچ‌های اندوفیت درختان بلوط گزارش می‌شوند.

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