Systematics of Alhagi: molecular phylogeny and morphology revisited

Document Type : Systematics and Biodiversity of Plants

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Research Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

3 Research Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Prof., Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Alhagi is a small genus of desert or semi-desert shrubs with about six species widely distributed throughout northern Africa, eastern Mediterranean, the Middle East to the Central Asia, and small parts of India and China. Despite previous molecular and morphological studies on the genus, the taxonomy of Alhagi has been remained controversial. In order to delimit natural groups as well as to clarify interspecific relationships of Alhagi species distributed in Iran, 45 ingroup taxa representing 30 accessions of the genus Alhagi and 15 species from the sister genera, as well as two species, namely, Astragalus arthuri and Colutea persica as outgroups were selected. The nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer was employed for phylogenetic reconstructions. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The obtained results recovered Alhagi accessions as a well-supported monophyletic group. All three traditionally recognized species in Iran split into two distinct morphologically well-supported lineages similar to splits graph. The results showed that, Alhagi maurorum and
A. graecorum are recognized as two distinct species distributed in two phytogeographical regions of Irano-Turanian and Saharo-Sindian. As a complementary taxonomic treatment, the diagnostic key and description of the species are also provided herewith.
 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

سیستماتیک جنس خارشتر: بررسی مجدد فیلوژنی مولکولی و ریخت‌شناسی

Authors [Persian]

  • آرزو امیرخسروی 1
  • یونس عصری 2
  • مصطفی اسدی 3
  • ایرج مهرگان 4
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زیست‏شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
3 استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
4 دانشیار گروه زیست‏شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

خارشتر (Alhagi) جنسی کوچک از تیره باقلاییان شامل شش گیاه بوته‏ای بیابانی و نیمه‌بیابانی می‌باشد که به ‏طور گسترده‏ای در سراسر شمال آفریقا، شرق مدیترانه و از خاورمیانه به سمت آسیای مرکزی و بخش‏های کوچکی از هند و چین پراکنش یافته است. به‏رغم مطالعات ریخت‌شناختی و مولکولی گذشته روی این جنس، مباحث مربوط به تاکسونومی آن به ‏صورت بحث‏برانگیز باقی مانده است. در راستای تعیین گروه‌های طبیعی و روشن ‏شدن روابط بین گونه‏های پراکنش یافته در ایران، در این مطالعه، 45 آرایه به‏ عنوان درون‏گروه شامل 30 نمونه از جنس خارشترو 15 گونه از جنس‏های خویشاوند به‏ عنوان درون‏گروه و دو گونه به اسامیAstragalus arthuri  و Colutea persica به‏ عنوان برون‏گروه انتخاب شدند. از توالی‏های ریبوزومی هسته‏ای ناحیه فاصله‏گذار رونویسی‏شونده داخلی برای مطالعات فیلوژنی استفاده شد. آنالیزهای فیلوژنی با استفاده از روش‏های بیشینه صرفه‏جویی، بیشینه درست‏نمایی و Bayesian انجام شد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که اعضای جنس مذکور، در یک گروه تک‏تبار با حمایت خوب قرار گرفته‏اند، به‏ طوری که سه گونه شناخته ‏شده در مفهوم Rechinger برای ایران، به دو دودمان مجزا با حمایت و ویژگی‏های متمایز ریخت‌شناختی تقسیم شده‌اند که مشابه با نتایج حاصل از splits graph است. طبق نتایج به دست آمده، Alhagi maurorum و A. graecorum به‏ عنوان دو گونه متمایز شناخته شدند که در دو ناحیه جغرافیایی گیاهی، ایران-تورانی و صحرا-سندی، پراکنش یافته‏اند. همچنین، پس از بررسی کامل تاکسونومیکی، کلید شناسایی و شرح این گونه‌ها ارایه گردید.
 
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • باقلاییان
  • تاکسونومی
  • روابط فیلوژنتیکی
  • Alhagi graecorum
  • A. maurorum

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Rostaniha
Volume 21, Issue 2 - Serial Number 60
December 2020
Pages 174-184

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History

  • Receive Date: 19 July 2020
  • Revise Date: 13 October 2020
  • Accept Date: 20 October 2020

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