Diversity and distribution of heterocystous cyanobacteria across solar radiation gradient in terrestrial habitats of Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran

2 Prof., Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Prof., Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran

4 Assistant Prof., Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

10.22092/bot.j.iran.2023.360711.1336

Abstract

Cyanobacteria are important part of microflora in terrestrial ecosystems. Due to the presence of protective mechanisms in these microorganisms, they have potential to tolerate abnormal ecological conditions especially in arid and semi-arid habitats. In the present study, the diversity, distribution and community’s structure of the heterocystous cyanobacteria isolated from natural habitats of Iran with different solar radiation gradient were investigated. In total, 41 heterocystous morphospecies were isolated from soils of 21 studied sites. The isolated taxa were belonged to eight genera including Nostoc (54.68%) followed by the Calothrix (13.63%), Cylindrospermum (9.76%), Anabaena (7.32%), Trichormus (7.32%), Wollea (2.43%), Nodularia (2.43%), and Hapalosiphon (2.43%), respectively. According to the results, ecological factors such as solar radiation, relative humidity, and soil salinity can affect the diversity and distribution of these cyanobacteria in terrestrial ecosystems. The results also showed that, some taxa were dominant in stations with high radiation levels. Among the identified taxa, Nostoc was found to be the dominant genus at all stations, especially in sites with higher solar radiation levels. In addition, the presence of the brown Nostoc species in arid areas confirming their resistance due to their high amount of carotenoids content and other protective mechanisms that protect them from high light intensity.
 
 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تنوع و پراکنش سیانوباکتری‌های دارای هتروسیست در طول شیب پرتوی خورشید در زیستگاه‌های خشکی ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • پردیس ایرانخواهی 1
  • حسین ریاحی 2
  • زینب شریعتمداری 3
  • زهرا آقاشریعتمداری 4
1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های زیستی، گروه علوم و زیست‌فناوری گیاهی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 استاد دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های زیستی، گروه علوم و زیست‌فناوری گیاهی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار استاد دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های زیستی، گروه علوم و زیست‌فناوری گیاهی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
4 استادیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران،کرج، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

سیانوباکتری‌ها از اجزای اصلی و مهم میکروفلور اکوسیستم‌های خشکی به ‌‌شمار می‌آیند. این میکروارگانیسم‌ها به‌ دلیل داشتن مکانیسم‌های دفاعی مختلف توانایی مقاومت در مقابل شرایط سخت بوم‌شناختی نظیر زیستگاه‌های خشک و نیمه‌خشک را دارند. در مطالعه  حاضر، تنوع زیستی، پراکنش و ساختار جمعیتی سیانوباکتری‌های دارای هتروسیست در زیستگاه‌های طبیعی ایران براساس شیب پرتوی خورشید مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به ‌طور کلی، 41 ریخت گونه  از 21 ایستگاه مطالعاتی جمع‌آوری و جداسازی شد. این آرایه‌ها به ‌ترتیب به هشت جنس، با سطوح تنوع زیستی متفاوت متعلق بودند که عبارتند از:Nostoc (54.68%) ،Calothrix (13.63%) ، Cylindrospermum (9.76%)، Anabaena (7.32%)،Trichormus (7.32%) ، Wollea (2.43%)، Nodularia (2.43%) و Hapalosiphon (2.43%). بر این اساس، عوامل بوم‌شناختی مانند میزان تابش نور خورشید، رطوبت نسبی و شوری خاک روی تنوع و پراکنش سیانوباکتری‌های مورد مطالعه اثرگذار بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد، برخی آرایه‌ها در مناطق با سطح پرتوی زیاد پراکنش وسیع‌تری دارند. در میان آرایه‌های مورد بررسی، جنس Nostoc در تمام ایستگاه‌های مطالعاتی، به ‌ویژه در ایستگاه‌هایی با میزان تابش بالای نور خورشید به‌‌ عنوان جنس غالب شناخته شد. همچنین در بررسی حاضر مشخص گردید که مقاومت پرتوی اعضای این جنس می‌تواند به دلیل حضور مقادیر زیاد کاروتنویید و سایر مکانیسم‌های حفاظتی باشد که از آن‌ها در برابر تابش شدید نور خورشید محافظت می‌کند.
 
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • ریخت‌شناسی
  • زیستگاه‌های نیمه‌خشک
  • شدت تابش خورشیدی
  • عوامل بوم‌شناختی
  • کاروتنویید

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Rostaniha
Volume 23, Issue 2 - Serial Number 67
December 2022
Pages 264-281

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History

  • Receive Date: 27 November 2022
  • Revise Date: 29 December 2022
  • Accept Date: 31 December 2022

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