First karyotype analysis of Nerium oleander populations in Iran

Document Type : Systematics and Biodiversity of Plants

Authors

1 MSc Student of Horticultural Science, Department of Horticultural Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

2 Assistance Prof., Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran

3 Associate Prof., Department of Horticultural Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Somatic chromosome numbers and karyotypes of five populations of Nerium oleander in Iran were determined. karyological studies showed that, all the studied populations were diploid (2n = 2x = 22). The present study is the first report of the karyotype characteristics of N. oleander. The highest values of mean chromosome length (1.45 µm) and haploid chromosome length (15.9 µm) were found in the Chabahar population. The general shape of the karyotypes, indicated symmetry for all populations, as all chromosomes were metacentric type. According to Stebbin’s classification (1971), populations fall in class 1A, thus indicating occurrence of chromosome symmetry among the populations. In addition, a detailed account of karyomorphology and estimates of asymmetry indices showed that, all of the populations were symmetric, among which Khash and Kuhdasht populations were considered as the most asymmetrical and symmetrical karyotypes, respectively. Based on karyotypic parameters, the considered populations were categorized into two groups viz. Chabahar, Fanuj, and Khash populations which were previously reported as N. indicum in Flora Iranica, separated from Karaj and Kuhdasht populations.
 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

نخستین تجزیه کاریوتیپ جمعیت‌های خرزهره در ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • فاطمه ابراهیمی 1
  • مجید قربانی نهوجی 2
  • سیدمهدی میری 3
1 کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران
2 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران
3 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

تعداد کروموزوم‌های سوماتیک و کاریوتیپ‌های پنج جمعیت خرزهره (Nerium oleander L.) در رویشگاه‌های مهم این گیاه در ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. مطالعات کاریولوژیک نشان داد که تمام جمعیت‌های مورد مطالعه دیپلویید (2n = 2x = 22) بودند. مطالعه حاضر، نخستین گزارش از مشخصات کاریوتیپ N. oleander است. بیشترین مقادیر میانگین طول کروموزوم (45/1 میکرومتر) و طول کروموزوم هاپلویید (9/15میکرومتر) در جمعیت چابهار یافت شد. همه کروموزوم‌ها از نوع متاسنتریک بودند و شکل کلی کاریوتیپ‌ها تقارن را برای همه جمعیت‌ها نشان داد. طبق طبقه‌بندی استبین (Stebbin 1971)، جمعیت‌ها در کلاس 1A قرار می‌گیرند که نشان‌دهنده تقارن کروموزوم در میان جمعیت‌ها است. به علاوه، مطالعات کاریومورفولوژی و برآورد شاخص‌های عدم تقارن نشان داد که همه جمعیت‌ها متقارن هستند. در این میان، جمعیت‌های خاش و کوهدشت به ترتیب نامتقارن‌ترین و متقارن‌ترین کاریوتایپ‌ها محسوب می‌شوند. براساس پارامترهای کاریوتیپی، جمعیت‌های در نظر گرفته شده چابهار، فنوج و خاش که در فلورا ایرانیکا به عنوان N. indicum Mill. گزارش شده‌اند، از جمعیت‌های کرج و کوهدشت متمایز بودند.
 
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • تعداد کروموزوم
  • تیره خرزهره
  • رده‌بندی
  • شاخص عدم تقارن
  • کاریوتیپ

References

Aslani, M.R. 2018. Cardiotoxicity of plants in Iran: a review. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology 10(1): 1–12.
Astuti, G., Roma-Marzio, F. & Peruzzi, L. 2017. Traditional karyomorphological studies: can they still provide a solid basis in plant systematics? Flora Mediterranea 27: 91–98.
Chauhan, A.K.S. & Raghuvanshi, S.S. 1977. Cytogenetical studies of some members of Apocynaceae. Cytologia 42: 723–729.
Ebrahimi, F., Ghorbani Nohooji, M. & Miri, S.M. 2018. Agronomic and pharmacological aspects of Nerium oleander: an important medicinal plant. Proceedings of the 1st. National Congress and International Fair of Medicinal Plants and Strategies for Persian Medicine that Affect Diabetes. 9–11 Oct., Mashhad, Iran.
Fallahi, M., Mohammadi, A. & Miri, S.M. 2020. The natural variation in six populations of Calendula officinalis L.: A karyotype study. Journal of Genetic Resources 6(1): 34–40.
Huziwara, Y. 1962. Karyotype analysis in some genera of Compositae. VIII. Further studies on the chromosomes of Aster. American Journal of Botany 49: 116–119.
Kuete, V. 2014. Physical, hematological, and histopathological signs of toxicity induced by African medicinal plants. Pp. 635–657. In: Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants (Kuete, V., ed.). Elsevier.
Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. 1984. Series of revisions of Apocynaceae XIII. Notes on Nerium L. and Tabernaemontana L. Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 83(7): 57–60.
Levan, A., Fredga, K. & Sandberg, A.A. 1964. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas 52: 201–220.
Löve, Á. 1977. IOPB chromosome number reports LVI. Taxon 26(2/3): 257–274.
Noori-Daloii, M.R., Aliyari, R. & Ebrahimzadeh, H. 1996. Study of chromosome and soluble proteins of Rhazya stricta Decasine. and Nerium oleander L. Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran 7(4): 209–216.
Oroji Salmasi, K., Javadi, H. & Miri, S.M. 2019. Karyotype analysis of some Allium species in Iran. Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding 9(2): 115–127.
Pagen, F.J.J. 1988. Oleanders: Nerium L. and the oleander cultivars. Agricultural University Wageningen, Netherlands. 113 pp.
Paszko, B. 2006. A critical review and a new proposal of karyotype asymmetry indices. Plant Systematics and Evolution 258: 39–48.
Peruzzi, L. & Eroğlu, H.E. 2013. Karyotype asymmetry: again, how to measure and what to measure? Comparative Cytogenetics 7(1): 1–9.
Rajabi Mazaher, A., Miri, S.M. & Mohammadi, A. 2021. A new chromosome number report in Stachys L. species by use of karyological analysis. Journal of Genetic Resources 7(1): 29–35.
Rechinger, K.H. 1974. Flora Iranica, vol. 103. Apocynaceae. Akademische Druck U Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria.
Romero Zarco, C. 1986. A new method for estimating karyotype asymmetry. Taxon 35: 526–530.
Roy Tapadar, N.N. 1964. Cytotaxonomic studies in Apocynaceae and delineation of the different evolutionary tendencies operating within the family. Caryologia 17(1): 103–138.
Sennblad, B. & Bremer, B. 2002. Classification of Apocynaceae s.l. according to a new approach combining Linnaean and phylogenetic taxonomy. Systematic Biology 51(3): 389–409.
Schürhoff, P.N. & Müller, H. 1937. Zytologische Untersuchungen über die Haploidgenerationem der Apocynaceen. Cytologia Fujii Jubilaei(1): 407–415.
Shamsolshoara, Y., Javadi, H. & Miri, S.M. 2020. Karyomorphological study of seven species of the genus Astragalus from Iran. The Iranian Journal of Botany 26(2): 172–178.
Sinha, S.N. & Biswas, K. 2016. A concise review on Nerium oleander L. An important medicinal plant. Tropical Plant Research 3(2): 408–412.
Stace, C.A. 2000. Cytology and cytogenetics as fundamental taxonomic resources for the 20th. and 21st. centuries. Taxon 49: 451–477.
Stebbin, G.L. 1971. Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants. Edward Arnold Press, UK.
Tjio, J.H. 1948. The somatic chromosomes of some tropical plants. Hereditas 34(1–2): 135–146.
Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. 1981. Rheophytes of the world. Springer, Netherlands. 424 pp.
Watanabe, K., Yahara, T., Denda, T. & Kosuge, K. 1999. Chromosomal evolution in the genus Brachyscome (Asteraceae, Astereae): statistical tests regarding correlation between changes in karyotype and habit using phylogenetic information. Journal of Plant Research 112: 145–161.
Rostaniha
Volume 22, Issue 2 - Serial Number 62
December 2021
Pages 186-193

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 16 May 2021
  • Revise Date: 02 October 2021
  • Accept Date: 07 November 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics