Report of some fungi associated with of leaf spot symptoms of self-growing plants in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province (Iran)

Document Type : Systematics and Biodiversity of Fungi

Authors

1 Graduated MSc Student in Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran

2 Associate Prof. in Mycology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran

Abstract

In order to identify some fungi associated with leaf spot symptoms of some self-growing plants, infected plant samples were collected from fields, gardens and natural habitats in different regions of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province of Iran during the spring and summer of 2018. After isolation and purification of fungal strains, morphological and molecular investigations were performed using the nucleotide sequences of one or few genomic regions (depending on the studied fungal genus). Based on combined data, finally, 11 different fungal species belonging to nine different genera including Calophoma complanata, Colletotrichum lini, Didymella pisi, Fusarium acuminatum, F. equiseti, Gnomoniopsis idaeicola, Nothophoma gossypiicola, Petriella sordida, Pyrenophora seminiperida, Sporormiella intermedia,and S. similis are identified and introduced from new host plants. In the present study, among the identified taxa, four species including C. complanata from Falcaria vulgaris, N. gossypiicola from Euphorbia helioscopia, S. intermedia from Mentha pulegium, and
S. similis from Euphorbia helioscopia are reported for the first time as new records for mycobiota of Iran.
 
 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

گزارشی از برخی قارچ‌های همراه با علایم لکه‌برگی گیاهان خود رو در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

Authors [Persian]

  • سمیرا کریم زاده 1
  • خلیل بِردی فتوحی فر 2
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی،
2 دانشیار گرایش قارچ‌شناسی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، 77871-31587،
Abstract [Persian]

به منظور شناسایی قارچ‌های همراه با علایم لکه‌برگی، طی فصول بهار و تابستان 1397، از مزارع، باغ‌ها و رویشگاه‌های طبیعیِ مناطق مختلف استان چهارمحال و بختیاری بازدید به عمل آمد و از گیاهان خود رو و دارای علایم لکه‌برگی نمونه‌برداری انجام گرفت. پس از جداسازی و خالص‌سازی، شناسایی ریخت‌شناختی و مولکولی آرایه‌ها با استفاده از توالی‌یابی نوکلئوتیدی یک یا چند ناحیه ژنومی (بسته به جنس مورد مطالعه) انجام گرفت. براساس تلفیق داده‌های حاصل، در نهایت، 11 گونه قارچی متعلق به نه جنس مختلف شامل Calophoma complanata، Colletotrichum lini، Didymella pisi، Fusarium acuminatum، F. equiseti، Gnomoniopsis idaeicola، Nothophoma gossypiicola، Petriella sordida، Pyrenophora seminiperda، Sporormiella intermedia و S. similis از میزبان‌های گیاهی جدید شناسایی و معرفی می‌شوند. در تحقیق حاضر، از میان آرایه‌های شناسایی شده، چهار گونه C. complanata از Falcaria vulgaris، N. gossypiicola ازEuphorbia helioscopia، S. intermedia ازMentha pulegium و S. similis از Euphorbia helioscopia برای بیوتای قارچی ایران جدید هستند.
 
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • بیماری
  • تنوع زیستی
  • تاکسونومی
  • ریخت‌شناسی
  • فیلوژنی

References

Amirdehi, E., Fotouhifar, K.B. & Javan-Nikkhah, M. 2017. Morphological and molecular study on some species of Phoma and related taxa in Iran. Rostaniha 18(1): 59–76.
Alizadeh, A., Javan-Nikkhah, M., Zare, R., Fotouhifar, K.B., Damm, U. & Stukenbrock, E.H. 2015. New records of Colletotrichum species for the mycobiota of Iran. Mycologia Iranica 2(2): 94–108.
Altschul, S.F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E.W. & Lipman, D.J. 1990. Basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Molecular Biology 215: 403–410.
Arenal, F., Platas, G. & Pelaez, F. 2005. Preussia africana and Preussia pseudominima, two new Preussia species defined based on morphological and molecular evidences. Fungal Diversity 20: 1–15.
Arzanlou, M., Groenewald, J.Z., Gams, W. Braun, U., Shin, H.-D & Crous, P.W. 2007. Phylogenetic and morphotaxonomic revision of Ramichloridium and allied genera. Studies in Mycology 58: 57–93.
Arzanlou, M., Bakhshi, M., Karimi, K. & Torbati, M. 2015. Multigene phylogeny reveals three new records of Colletotrichum spp. and several new host records for the mycobiota of Iran. Journal of Plant Protection Research 55(2): 198–211.
Asgari, B. & Zare, R. 2010. Two new species of Preussia from Iran. Nova Hedwigia 90: 533–548.
Aveskamp, M.M., Verkley, G.J., de Gruyter, J., Murace, M.A., Perello, A., Woudenberg, J.H., Groenewald, J.Z. & Crous, P.W. 2009. DNA phylogeny reveals polyphyly of Phoma section Peyronellaea and multiple taxonomic novelties. Mycologia 101(3): 363–382.
Aveskamp, M.M., de Gruyter, J., Woudenberg, J.H., Verkley, G.J. & Crous, P.W. 2010. Highlights of the Didymellaceae: A polyphasic approach to characterise Phoma and related pleosporalean genera. Studies in Mycology 65: 1–60.
Azad, R., Hamza, A., Khatun, M.M., Nasrin, Sh., Tanny, T., Chandra Das, K., Salimullah, M. & Alam, I. 2020. First report of Colletotrichum siamense causing leaf spot in Aloe vera in Bangladesh. Plant Disease.
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-20-0857-PDN.
Behrooz, S.Y., Salari, M., Pirnia, M. & Sabbagh, S.K. 2015. Identification of Ramularia species on some medicinal plants in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science 46(1): 113–117.
Bhandari, S., Harsh, N.S.K., Sharma, A.K., Puni Mao, L. & Thakur, S. 2014. A database of diseases of medicinal plants in Uttarakhand. The Indian Forester 140(5): 518–527.
Boerema, G.H., De Gruyter, J., Noordeloos, M.E. & Hamers, M.E.C. 2004. Phoma identification manual, differentiation of specific and infraspecific taxa in culture. CABI Publishing, London, United Kingdom, 470 pp.
Chandel, S., Dubey K. & Kaushal, P. 2014. Major diseases of medicinal and aromatic plants recorded in Himachal Pradesh-India. Plant Disease Sciences 9(2): 145–153.
Chen, Q., Jiang, J.R., Zhang, G.Z., Cai, L. & Crous, P.W. 2015. Resolving the Phoma enigma. Studies in Mycology 82: 137–217.
Chen, Q., Hou, L.W., Duan, W.J., Crous, P.W. & Cai, L. 2017. Didymellaceae revisited. Studies in Mycology 87: 105–159.
Crous, P.W., Schumacher, R.K., Akulov, A., Thangavel, R., Hernandez-Restrepo, M., Carnegie, A.J., Cheewangkoon, R., Wingfield, M.J., Summerell, B.A., Quaedvlieg, W., Coutinho, T.A., Roux, J., Wood, A.R., Giraldo, A. & Groenewald, J.Z. 2019. New and interesting fungi 2. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 3: 57–134.
Damm, U., Cannon, P.F., Woudenberg, J.H.C. & Crous, P.W. 2012. The Colletotrichum acutatum species complex. Studies in Mycology 73: 37–113.
Damm, U., O'Connell, R.J., Groenewald, J.Z. & Crous, P.W. 2014. The Colletotrichum destructivum species complex-hemibiotrophic pathogens of forages and field crops. Studies in Mycology 79: 49–84.
Elmer, W.H. & Marra, R.E. 2011. New species of Fusarium associated with dieback of Spartina alterniflora in Atlantic salt marshes. Mycologia 103(4): 806–819.
Felsenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783– 91.
Gafforov, Y.S. 2017. A preliminary checklist of Ascomycetous microfungi from Southern Uzbekistan. Mycosphere 8(4): 660–696.
Garibaldi, A., Gilardi, G., Ortu, G. & Gullino, M.L. 2016. First report of leaf spot of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) caused by Fusarium equiseti in Italy. Plant Disease 100(2): 531.
Garibaldi, A., Gilardi, G., Matic, S., Luongo, I. & Gullino, M.L. 2020. First report of leaf spot of Alcea rosea caused by Alternaria alternata in Italy. Plant Disease 104(2): 588.
Geiser, D.M., del Mar Jimenz-Gasco, M., Kang, S., Makalowska, I., Veeraraghavan, N., Ward, T.J., Zhang, N., Kuldan, G.A. & O'Donnell, K. 2004. FUSARIUM-ID v. 1.0: A DNA sequence database for identifying Fusarium. European Journal of Plant Pathology 110: 473–479.
Glass, N.L. & Donaldson, G. 1995. Development of primer sets designed for use with PCR to amplify conserved genes from filamentous ascomycetes. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 61: 1323–1330.
Gonzalez, V. & Tello, M.L. 2011. The endophytic mycota associated with Vitis vinifera in central Spain. Fungal Diversity 47: 29–42.
Hirooka, Y., Rossman, A.Y. & Chaverri, P. 2011. A morphological and phylogenetic revision of the Nectria cinnabarina species complex. Studies in Mycology 68: 35–56.
Hunter, G.C., Wingfield, B.D., Crous, P.W. & Wingfield, M.J. 2006. A multi-gene phylogeny for species of Mycosphaerella occurring on Eucalyptus leaves. Studies in Mycology 55: 147–161.
Hu, J., Yang, J.Y., Li, J., Gao, T., Yang, G.W. & Ren, H.Y. 2018. First report of Drechslera andersenii causing leaf spot on perennial ryegrass in Jiangsu China. Plant Disease 102(6): 1174.
Isakeit, T., Commer, B., Shaw, B.D., Brown, M. & Neely, C. 2017. First report of leaf spot of barley caused by Drechslera gigantea in the United States. Plant Disease 101(8): 1548.
Jiang, Y.L., Wu, Y.M., Xu, J.J., Kong, J.H. & T.Y., Zhang. 2018. Endophragmiella terricola, Gliomastix verrucipes, and Radulidium guttiforme spp. nov. from soil in China. Mycotaxon 133: 301–305.
Khosravipoor, B., Siahpoosh, A. & Mahmadi Karbalaei, Z. 2015. The Importance of Cultivating Medicinal Plants and Producing their Products in Agriculture. The First Conference on Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines, Tehran. Farzin Center for Sustainable Development of Science and Technology.
Kurtzman, C.P. & Robnett, C.J. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships among yeasts of the 'Saccharomyces complex' determined from multigene sequence analyses. FEMS Yeast Research 3(4): 417–432.
Leslie, J. & Summerell, B. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing Professional, Ames, IA, USA, 388 pp.
Li, S., Bradley, C.A, Hartman, G.L. & Pedersen W.L. 2001. First report of Phomopsis longicolla from Velvetleaf causing stem lesions on inoculated soybean and Velvetleaf plants. Plant Disease 85: 1031.
Marin-Felix, Y., Hernandez-Restrepo, M., Iturrieta-Gonzalez, I., Garcia, D., Gene, J., Groenewald, J.Z., Cai, L., Chen, Q. , Quaedvlieg, W., Schumacher, R.K., Taylor, P.W.J., Ambers, C., Bonthond, G., Edwards, J., Krueger-Hadfield, S.A., Luangsa-ard, J.J., Morton, L., Moslemi, A., Sandoval-Denis, M., Tan, Y.P., Thangavel, R., Vaghefi, N., Cheewangkoon, R. & Crous, P.W. 2019. Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 3. Studies in Mycology 94: 1–124.
Mavragani, D., Hamel, C. & Vujanovic, V. 2011. Species-specific PCR-DGGE markers to distinguish Pyrenophora species associated to cereal seeds. Fungal Biology 115(2): 169–175.
Moralejo, E., Clemente, A., Descals, E., Belbahri, L., Calmin, G., Lefort, F., Spies, C.F. & McLeod, A. 2008. Pythium recalcitrans sp. nov. revealed by multigene phylogenetic analysis. Mycologia 100(2): 310–319.
Mozaffarian, V. 2017. Flora of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Publications of Meemarkhaneh Bagh Nazar, Isfahan, 1224 pp. (In Persian).
Mueller, G.M., Bills, G.F. & Foster, M.S. 2004. Biodiversity of Fungi: Inventory and Monitoring Methods. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, USA, 777 pp.
Mungai, P.G., Njogu, J.G., Chukeatirote, E. & Hyde, K.D. 2012. Coprophilous ascomycetes in Kenya: Sporormiella from wildlife dung. Mycology 3(4): 234–251.
Nalim, F.A., Elmer, W.H., McGovern, R.J. & Geiser, D.M. 2009. Multilocus phylogenetic diversity of Fusarium avenaceum pathogenic on lisianthus. Phytopathology 99(4): 462–468.
Nirenberg, H.I. 1976. Untersuchungen über die morphologische und biologische Differenzierung in der Fusarium-Sektion Liseola. Mitteilungen aus der Biologischen Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft Berlin-Dahlem, 169: 1–117.
Noori Gandok, M. 2016. Isolation and Identification of endophytic fungi from Moldavian balm, Pennyroyal and Peppermint in Urmia. MSc thesis in Plant Pathology. Urmia University, 156 pp.
Noumeur, S.R., Helaly, S.E., Jansen, R., Gereke, M., Stradal, T.E.B., Harzallah, D. & Stadler, M. 2017. Preussilides A-F, bicyclic polyketides from the endophytic fungus Preussia similis with antiproliferative activity. Natural Products 80: 1531–1540.
O'Connell, R.J., Thon, M.R., Hacquard, S., Amyotte, S.G., Kleemann, J., Torres, M.F., Damm, U., Buiate, E.A., Epstein, L., Alkan, N., Altmuller, J., Alvarado-Balderrama, L., Bauser, C.A., Becker, C., Birren, B.W., Chen, Z., Choi, J., Crouch, J.A., Duvick, J.P., Farman, M.A., Gan, P., Heiman, D., Henrissat, B., Howard, R.J., Kabbage, M., Koch, C., Kracher, B., Kubo, Y., Law, A.D., Lebrun, M.H., Lee, Y.H., Miyara, I., Moore, N., Neumann, U., Nordstrom, K., Panaccione, D.G., Panstruga, R., Place, M., Proctor, R.H., Prusky, D., Rech, G., Reinhardt, R., Rollins, J.A., Rounsley, S., Schardl, C.L., Schwartz, D.C., Shenoy, N., Shirasu, K., Sikhakolli, U.R., Stuber, K., Sukno, S.A., Sweigard, J.A., Takano, Y., Takahara, H., Trail, F., van der Does, H.C., Voll, L.M., Will, I., Young, S., Zeng, Q., Zhang, J., Zhou, S., Dickman, M.B., Schulze-Lefert, P., van Themaat, E.V., Ma, L.J. & Vaillancourt, L.J. 2012. Lifestyle transitions in plant pathogenic Colletotrichum fungi deciphered by genome and transcriptome analyses. Nature Genetics 44: 1060–1065.
O'Donnell, K. & Cigelnik, E. 1997. Two divergent intragenomic rDNA ITS2 types within a monophyletic lineage of the fungus Fusarium are nonorthologous. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 7: 103–116.
O'Donnell, K., Kistler, H.C., Tacke, B.K. & Casper, H.H. 2000. Gene genealogies reveal global phylogeographic structure and reproductive isolation among lineages of Fusarium graminearum, the fungus causing wheat scab. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97: 7905–7910.
Platas, G., Arenal, F. & Pelaez, F. 2007. A new endophytic species of Preussia (Sporormiaceae) inferred from morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Fungal Diversity 25: 1–17.
Proctor, R.H., McCormick, S.P., Alexander, N.J. & Desjardins, A.E. 2009. Evidence that a secondary metabolic biosynthetic gene cluster has grown by gene relocation during evolution of the filamentous fungus Fusarium. MolecularMicrobiology 74(5): 1128–1142.
Proctor, R.H., Van Hove, F., Susca, A., Stea, G., Busman, M., van der Lee, T., Waalwijk, C., Moretti, A. & Ward, T.J. 2013. Birth, death and horizontal transfer of the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster during the evolutionary diversification of Fusarium. MolecularMicrobiology 90(2): 290–306.
Razaghi, P. & Zafari, D. 2012. Mycobiota of volunteer plants in Hamedan province. Rostaniha 13(1): 57–68.
Razaghi, P. & Zafari, D. 2017. Characterization of fungi causing lesion blight on Papaver dubium in Iran. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111(3): 437–455.
Rainer, J. & De Hoog, G.S. 2006. Molecular taxonomy and ecology of Pseudallescheria, Petriella and Scedosporium prolificans (Microascaceae) containing opportunistic agents on humans. Mycological Research, 110: 151–160.
Safaei, N., Mehdizadeh, V., Ebadi, M.T. & Saeedi, A. 2013. Medicinal Plant Diseases. Agricultural Education and Promotion, Tehran, 382 pp.
Sogonov, M.V., Castlebury, L.A., Rossman, A.Y., Mejia, L.C. & White, J.F. 2008. Leaf-inhabiting genera of the Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales. Studies in Mycology 62: 1–77.
Stevanovic, M., Ristic, D., Zivkovic, S., Aleksic, G., Stankovic, I., Krstic, B. & Bulajic, A. 2019. Characterization of Gnomoniopsis idaeicola, the causal agent of canker and wilting of blackberry in Serbia. Plant Disease 103(2): 249–258.
Stefanczyk, E., Sobkowiak, S., Brylinska, M. & Sliwka, J. 2016. Diversity of Fusarium spp. associated with dry rot of potato tubers in Poland. European Journal of Plant Pathology 145: 871–884.
Summerell, B.A., Leslie, J.F., Liew, E.C.Y., Laurence, M.H., Bullock, S., Petrovic, T. & Burgess, L.W. 2010. Fusarium species associated with plants in Australia. Fungal Diversity46(1): 1–27.
Sun, J.Q., Guo, L.D., Zang, W., Li, W.C. & Chi, D.F. 2006. Endophytic fungi IV. Two new records of the genus Sporormiella in China. Mycosystema 25: 688–690.
Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Peterson, D., Filipski, A. & Kumar, S. 2013. MEGA 6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30: 2725–2729.
Tao, G., Liu, Z.Y., Liu, F., Gao, Y.H. & Cai, L. 2013. Endophytic Colletotrichum species from Bletilla ochracea (Orchidaceae), with descriptions of seven new species. Fungal Diversity 61: 139–164.
Valenzuela-Lopez, N., Cano-Lira, J.F., Guarro, D.A. Sutton, N., Wiederhold, P.W., Crous, P.W. & Stchigel, A.M. 2018. Coelomycetous Dothideomycetes with emphasis on the families Cucurbitariaceae and Didymellaceae. Studies in Mycology 90: 1–69.
Vu, D., Groenewald, M., de Vries, M., Gehrmann, T., Stielow, B., Eberhardt, U., Al-Hatmi, A., Groenewald, J.Z., Cardinali, G., Houbraken, J., Boekhout, T., Crous, P.W., Robert, V. & Verkley, G.J.M. 2019. Large-scale generation and analysis of filamentous fungal DNA barcodes boosts coverage for kingdom fungi and reveals thresholds for fungal species and higher taxon delimitation. Studies in Mycology 92: 135–154.
Walker, D.M., Castlebury, L.A., Rossman, A.Y., Sogonov, M.V. & White, J.F. 2010. Systematics of genus Gnomoniopsis (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) based on a three gene phylogeny, host associations and morphology. Mycologia 102: 1479–1496.
Wang, C.W., Ai, J., Fan, S.T., Lv, H.Y., Qin, H.Y., Yang, Y.M. & Liu, Y.X. 2015. Fusarium acuminatum: A new pathogen causing postharvest rot on stored Kiwifruit in China. Plant Disease 99(11): 1644.
Wang, Y., Wang, C.W. & Gao, J. 2015. First report of Fusarium proliferatum causing fruit rot on
grape (Vitis vinifera) in China. Plant Disease 99(8): 1180.
Watanabe, M., Yonezawa, T., Lee, K.I., Kumagai, S., Sugita-Konishi, Y., Goto, K. & Hara-Kudo, Y. 2011. Molecular phylogeny of the higher and lower taxonomy of the Fusarium genus and differences in the evolutionary histories of multiple genes. Evolutionary Biology 11(1): 322.
Watanabe, M., Yonezawa, T., Sugita-Konishi, Y. & Kamata, Y. 2013. Utility of the phylotoxigenic relationships among trichothecene-producing Fusarium species for predicting their mycotoxin-producing potential. Food Additives and Contaminants 30: 1370–1381.
White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S.J.W.T. & Taylor, J.W. 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. PCR protocols: a guide to methods andapplications 18(1): 315–322.
Woudenberg, J.H.C., Aveskamp, M.M., Gruyter, J.de, Spiers, A.G. & Crous, P.W. 2009. Multiple Didymella teleomorphs are linked to the Phoma clematidina morphotype. Persoonia 22: 56–62.
Wu, Y.M., Xu, J.J., Wang, H.F. & Zhang, T.Y. 2013. Radulidium xigazense sp. nov., Rhinocladiella tibetensis sp. nov., and three new records of Ramichloridium from China. Mycotxon 125: 123–130.
Wulff, E.G., Sorensen, J.L., Lubeck, M., Nielsen, K.F., Thrane, U. & Torp, J. 2010. Fusarium spp. associated with rice Bakanae: ecology, genetic diversity, pathogenicity and toxigenicity. EnvironmentalMicrobiology 12(3): 649–657.
Xue, C.S., Lu, Y.Y., Xiao, S.Q. & Duan, Y.X. 2015. First report of Phomopsis longicolla causing leaf spot on soybean in China. Plant Disease 99(2): 290.
Zhong, S. & Steffenson, B.J., 2001. Genetic and molecular characterization of mating type genes in Cochliobolus sativus. Mycologia 93: 852–863.
Zimowska, B., Zalewska, E.D., Krol, E.D. & Furmanczyk, A. 2017. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Phoma complanata, a new causal agent of Archangelica officinalis Hoffm. in Poland. Polish Journal of Microbiology 66(2): 281–285.
Rostaniha
Volume 21, Issue 1 - Serial Number 59
September 2020
Pages 121-140

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 May 2020
  • Revise Date: 16 July 2020
  • Accept Date: 19 August 2020

Share

How to cite

Statistics