Isolation and identification of thermotolerant and thermophilic fungi from soil and compost in Kermanshah province (West of Iran)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MSc Student of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Assistant Prof. of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

An investigation was carried out on the occurrence of thermotolerantand thermophilic fungi in 11 soil samples collected from cultivated and natural regions in Kermanshah province (Mahidasht, Harsin, Kerend, Eslamabad-e Gharb, Qasr-e Shirin, Sarpol-e Zahab, Javanrood, Gilan-e Gharb), municipal waste compost and mushroom compost, 2017–19. Fungal isolates were recovered using the soil dilution plate method on potato dextrose agar at 45 and 50 °C. Totally, 24 isolates were obtained that were primarily identified using morphological characters and referring to valid taxonomic keys. DNA extraction was carried out using a Genomic DNA Purification kit. The ITS region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA was amplified using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. Fragments about 500–700 bp were amplified after sequencing deposited in GenBank. Based on morphological characters and sequence data of the ITS rDNA, these fungi were identified as: Aspergillus fumigatus, A. nidulans, A. niger, A. terrus, Melanocarpus albomyces*, Malbranchea cinnamomea*, Thermomyces dupontii*, Th. lanuginosus*, and Thielavia arenaria*. Asterisks indicate species that are new records for the mycobiota of Iran. The abundance of thermophilic fungi in municipal waste compost was higher than soil, and Aspergillus species were the most abundant fungi identified in this study.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

جداسازی و شناسایی قارچ‌های‌ متحمل به گرما و گرمادوست از خاک و کمپوست در استان کرمانشاه

Authors [Persian]

  • زهرا یوسفوند 1
  • صمد جمالی 2
  • هادی خاطری 2
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 استادیار بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

به منظور شناسایی قارچ‌های متحمل به گرما و گرمادوست، طی سال‌های ۹8-1396، نمونه‌برداری از خاک، کمپوست ضایعات شهری و کمپوست قارچ خوراکی در شهرستان‌های استان کرمانشاه (ماهیدشت، هرسین، کرند، اسلام‌آباد، قصر شیرین، سرپل‌ذهاب، جوانرود و گیلانغرب) انجام شد. جداسازی این قارچ‌ها از خاک و کمپوست به روش سری رقت روی محیط‌کشت عصاره سیب‌زمینی-دکستروز-آگار در دمای 45 و 50 درجه سلسیوس انجام شد. در مجموع، ۲۴ جدایه قارچ متحمل به گرما و گرمادوست به دست آمد. شناسایی اولیه جدایه‌ها براساس ویژگی‌های رشدی و ریخت‌شناسی و با استفاده از کلیدهای تاکسونومیکی معتبر صورت گرفت. برای شناسایی مولکولی، دی.ان.ای.، جدایه‌ها با استفاده از کیت خالص‌سازی دی.ان.ای. ژنومی استخراج و ناحیه ITS rDNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) با استفاده از آغازگرهای عمومی ITS1و ITS4تکثیر شد. قطعات ۷۰۰–۵۰۰ جفت بازی به دست آمده از واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز، خالص‌سازی، توالی‌یابی و ویرایش شده و در بانک ژن ثبت شدند. با استفاده از ابزار جستجوی BLAST، توالی‌های ITS rDNA به دست آمده در این بررسی با سایر آرایه‌های معتبر مستخرج از بانک ژن مقایسه شد. در نهایت نه گونه شامل: Aspergilus fumigatus، A. nidulans، A. niger، A. terrus،Melanocarpus albomyces*، Malbranchea cinnamomea*، Thermomyces dupontii*، Th. lanuginosus* و Thielavia arenaria*شناسایی شد که گونه‌های ستاره‌دار برای فلور قارچی ایران جدید می‌باشند. فراوانی قارچ‌های گرمادوست در کمپوست ضایعات شهری بیش‌تر از خاک بود و گونه‌های آسپرژیلوس فراوان‌ترین قارچ‌های شناسایی شده در این تحقیق بودند.
 
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • ریخت‌شناسی
  • نواحی رونویسی شده داخلی
  • فیلوژنی
  • Sordariales
  • Onygenales

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Rostaniha
Volume 21, Issue 1 - Serial Number 59
September 2020
Pages 79-95

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History

  • Receive Date: 07 April 2020
  • Revise Date: 04 June 2020
  • Accept Date: 08 July 2020

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