Floristic study and diversity of lichen species in highlands of Kuh-Asiab protected area in Kuhbanan (Kerman province, Iran)

Document Type : Systematics and Biodiversity of Fungi

Authors

1 MSc in Plant Systematic-Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran

2 Assistant Prof. of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran

3 Assistant Prof. of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Iranian Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (IROST), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Little attention has been devoted to lichens of Kerman province (Iran). This study was conducted to identify lichens in the Kuh-Asiab protected area of Kubanan located in the northernmost part of Kerman province. In this study, eight sites were chosen in the area. Sampling was carried out according to Random method. Height data were obtained from each site along with the abundance of lichen species. In addition, number and density of species and cover percentage of the species were measured. Thirty-one species belong to 19 genera and two vegetative forms were identified. Both the Shannon and Simpson indices were calculated and compared for each sampling site. Species richness was calculated according to Margalef and Menhinick indices. Our results suggested that, lichen species richness and diversity were increasing with increasing height. The results also showed significant differences in species diversity and richness among sampling sites.The highest number of indicators was observed in sites with average height. Comparison of indices showed that, Simpson diversity was the best indicator for showing the situation of the community.

 
 

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Main Subjects


Article Title [Persian]

مطالعه فلوریستیک و تنوع گونه‌های گلسنگ در ارتفاعات منطقه حفاظت شده کوه آسیاب کوهبنان (استان کرمان)

Authors [Persian]

  • اعظم غیاثی 1
  • علی احمدی مقدم 2
  • محمد سهرابی 3
1 کارشناسی ارشد سیستماتیک-اکولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران
2 استادیار گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران
3 استادیار گروه پژوهشی زیست فناوری صنعتی و محیط زیست، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی، تهران، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

بسیاری از نقاط استان کرمان، پهناورترین استان ایران با وجود شرایط خاص اقلیمی و تنوع پوشش گیاهی، از نظر شناسایی و مطالعه گلسنگ‌ها ناشناخته مانده است. این مطالعه، با هدف شناسایی و بررسی تنوع زیستی گلسنگ ­ها در منطقه حفاظت‌ شده کوه آسیاب کوهبنان واقع در شمالی­ ترین نقطه استان کرمان انجام شد. تاکنون، هیچ مطالعه ­ای در این زمینه در این منطقه انجام نگرفته است. نمونه­ برداری با روش تصادفی طبقه‌بندی همگن و در ارتفاعات متفاوت در هشت ایستگاه صورت گرفت، به طوری‌ که در هر ایستگاه تعدادی کوادرات 20 در 25 سانتی‌متر مربع به صورت تصادفی مستقر شد که در نهایت در تمام منطقه، تعداد 83 کوادرات ایجاد شد. اندازه کوادرات‌ها با روش تعیین سطح حداقل مشخص شد و در هر کدام، علاوه بر جمع­ آوری گونه های گلسنگ، شاخص­ های فراوانی، درصد پوشش و تراکم گونه‌ها و همچنین تعداد آرایه­ ها اندازه­ گیری و سپس نمونه‌ها مورد شناسایی قرار گرفتند که در نتیجه تعداد 31 گونه گلسنگ صخره‌زی در 19 جنس و دو فرم رویشی شناسایی گردید. با محاسبه درصد فراوانی فرم ­های رویشی و جنس­ های موجود در منطقه، مشخص شد گلسنگ­ های پوسته­ ای فرم رویشی غالب در منطقه هستند و بیشترین فراوانی متعلق به جنس  Acarospora به مقدار19 درصد بود. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی نامتعادل انجام گرفت و در هر ایستگاه شاخص تنوع گونه­ ای براساس دو شاخص تنوع شانون-وینر و سیمپسون و غنای گونه­ا ی براساس دو شاخص غنای مارگالف و منهینیک در نرم‌افزار past محاسبه شد. نتایج آنالیز واریانس نشان داد، شاخص‌های تنوع و غنای گونه ­ای و همچنین تعداد گونه در هشت ایستگاه با یکدیگر تفاوت معنی­ داری داشتند (05/0>P) و بیشترین مقدار شاخص­ های ذکر شده در ایستگاه­ های با ارتفاع متوسط مشاهده گردید. مقایسه شاخص ­ها نشان داد تنوع سیمپسون بهترین شاخص برای نشان دادن وضعیت جامعه از نظر تنوع است.

 
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • اجتماعات گلسنگ
  • تنوع سیمپسون
  • غنای گونه‌ای
  • فرم رویشی
  • نمونه‌برداری
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